Comparing a Sparrow and a Wren
The 6 key differences between a Sparrow and a Wren
The main differences between sparrows and wrens are size, diet, taxonomy, body shape, eye-line, tail length, and bill shape. Sparrows and wrens are easily some of the most common birds that any backyard enthusiast is likely to see. As the warmer weather encroaches, these sightings become more common as the birds migrate and are more active while looking for food. Although these birds are extremely similar in many ways, there are a few key differences. These differences can help us tell them apart and are perfect for anyone who is just getting into birdwatching or is curious about their new feeder’s visitors. The main differences between the two are physical, although they have some behavioral differences that can also help us identify them. It’s also important to note that sparrows aren’t a single bird species. There are 35 species of New World sparrows (sparrows that live in the Americas) and more when you account for the rest of the world. Additionally, 88 species of wren live all over the world. Recognizing this, it’s important to know that there isn’t some catch-all feature or tell that allows anyone to perfectly differentiate the two. Let’s get into some of the primary differences between sparrows and wrens in North America!
Sparrow vs Wren: Size
When it comes to size, the sparrow has the edge. Sparrows are slightly larger than most wrens, although both birds are quite small overall. Most sparrows are going to be 4.5-7 inches long. Wrens are even smaller than sparrows, putting them closer to some other birds like chickadees and finches. Most wrens will be 4-5 inches long and could easily fit in the palm of your hand.
Sparrow vs Wren: Body shape
Both birds have a similar body shape, although there are a few key differences. Sparrows are pretty round birds overall. Their bodies are round, and their heads are conical, but their bodies are usually longer than wrens. Sparrows are a bit less stocky than wrens are, although they aren’t the most athletic-looking birds. Overall, a sparrow will appear more slender than wrens but rounder than most other birds. Wrens are small, squat birds that look like little puffballs. These cute birds are stockier and smaller than sparrows in almost all their features. When a wren is vocalizing, they tend to puff up even further, making them look like little balls of feathers.
Sparrow vs Wren: Diet
One of the most distinguishing features between the two is their diet. Although this isn’t immediately recognizable from their appearances, their dietary habits can help a discerning individual tell the difference. Sparrows are primarily seed-eaters (granivores), making them common visitors to feeders and suets. Like most birds, however, they are rather opportunistic and will eat almost anything they can find. When food is plenty, they generally stick to seeds. Sparrows are ground foragers and can be seen hopping along the ground, looking for grains and other discarded food. Wrens are primarily insect eaters (insectivores) that eat small insects, spiders, and other small arthropods. Like the sparrow, they will also eat other things when they can’t find their preferred foods. Some wren species are known to eat vegetables, fruits, berries, and small lizards and frogs. Still, the vast majority of wrens will prefer small insects. Wrens will occasionally visit feeders and suets when they want something a little different, however!
Sparrow vs Wren: Eye lines
Sparrows generally have caps with lines on their heads. These lines could resemble eye lines, but not in the way a wren normally will. Sparrows will usually have lines under their eyes that connect with other colors to form their caps. Many wrens have distinct lines over their eyes that give the impression of eyebrows. The Carolina wren, for example, has distinctive white lines that go over both eyes, which is one of the best ways to identify them.
Sparrow vs Wren: Bill shape
Sparrows have a stouter and thicker bill than wrens, reflecting a sparrows diet. Cracking seeds and grains is much easier with a thicker, stronger bill. Some sparrow species have a slight curve to their upper bill, but it isn’t always noticeable. Wrens eat insects, and their bill reflects this. The bill of a wren is thin and needle-like, perfect for quickly snatching up fast insects.
Sparrow vs Wren: Tail length
Sparrows have broad tails and are generally longer relative to size than wrens. Additionally, sparrows will flash their tails and hold them in various positions, especially horizontally. Wrens have shorter tails but use them in flashing displays as well. The most common way for a wren is to hold its tail in an upright position. They often perch with their tails in the air while they sing.
Sparrow vs Wren: Taxonomy
Sparrows belong to the Passerellidae family. There are 138 species of sparrow across the New World, with 35 in North America. Wrens belong to the Troglodytidae family. There are 88 species of wren worldwide and can be split into 19 genera.
